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(Pulmonaria officinalis )
(dried leaves)
(from Poland)
(certified organic Lungwort extract PlantPart: dried leaves Genus: Pulmonaria Species: officinalis Note: from Poland )
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(Tussilago farfara )
(dried leaves, buds and flowers)
(from Albania)
(certified organic Coltsfoot extract PlantPart: dried leaves, buds and flowers Genus: Tussilago Species: farfara Note: from Albania )
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Vegetable Palm Glycerin, crystal clear artesian Hawaiian Water
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Lungwort and Coltsfoot. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the effectiveness of coltsfoot.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the effectiveness of lungmoss.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the effectiveness of lungwort.
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Lungwort and Coltsfoot. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
LIKELY UNSAFE ...when products containing hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) constituents are used orally. Repeated exposure to low concentrations of hepatotoxic PAs can cause severe veno-occlusive disease. Hepatotoxic PAs might also be carcinogenic and mutagenic (12841,12842). Dietary supplement products sold in the US are not required to include the amount of PAs they may contain; therefore, all preparations used orally containing coltsfoot should be considered potentially unsafe (3484). Tell patients not to use coltsfoot preparations that are not certified and labeled as hepatotoxic PA-free.
PREGNANCY: LIKELY UNSAFE
when products containing hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) constituents are used orally.
Coltsfoot preparations containing hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) constituents might be teratogenic and hepatotoxic (575,12841,12842). There is one case report of fatal hepatic veno-occlusive disease in a neonate associated with regular maternal consumption during pregnancy of an herb tea containing several pyrrolizidine alkaloid herbs, including coltsfoot (575). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of using coltsfoot products certified and labeled as hepatotoxic PA-free during pregnancy; avoid using.
LACTATION: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally.
Hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) constituents in coltsfoot are excreted in milk (12841,12842). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of using coltsfoot products certified and labeled as hepatotoxic PA-free during lactation; avoid using.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of lungmoss.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of lungwort.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Lungwort and Coltsfoot. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Concomitant use might increase the risk of bleeding due to decreased platelet aggregation. Coltsfoot has been reported to inhibit platelet aggregation (12864); avoid concomitant use. Some of these drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, ticlopidine (Ticlid), warfarin (Coumadin), and others.
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Theoretically, excessive doses of coltsfoot may interfere with antihypertensive or cardiovascular therapy (12858).
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Hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) are substrates of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) (12841,12860). Theoretically, drugs that induce CYP3A4 might increase the conversion of PAs to toxic metabolites. Some drugs that induce CYP3A4 include carbamazepine (Tegretol), phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin), rifampin, rifabutin (Mycobutin), and others.
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Lungwort and Coltsfoot. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General ...Orally, the major concern with coltsfoot use is its pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) content. These alkaloids can cause liver and lung injury (12841,12842). Chronic exposure to other plants containing hepatotoxic PA constituents has been associated with hepatic veno-occlusive disease (4021). Sub-acute veno-occlusive disease can cause vague symptoms, including colicky pains, vomiting, diarrhea, and ascites within several days; persistent liver enlargement occurs within a few weeks (4021,12842). Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolus (PE) thought to be associated with coltsfoot have been reported (18242). Coltsfoot products containing PAs should be avoided. There is currently a limited amount of information available about the adverse effects of PA-free coltsfoot.
Cardiovascular ...Orally, a single case report associates coltsfoot and its PA content with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolus (PE). A 27-year-old man with no history of coagulation disorders developed a DVT and several PE after consuming unknown quantities of coltsfoot and several other herbs. However, he also had other risk factors for thrombosis, including smoking and recent bed rest (18242).
Hepatic ...Orally, coltsfoot might cause liver damage. Coltsfoot contains hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) (12841,12842). Chronic exposure to other plants containing hepatotoxic PAs is associated with veno-occlusive disease (4021). Sub-acute veno-occlusive disease can cause vague symptoms, including colicky pains, vomiting, diarrhea, and ascites within several days; persistent liver enlargement occurs within a few weeks (4021,12842).
Pulmonary/Respiratory ...Orally, coltsfoot might cause lung damage. The major concern with coltsfoot use is its pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) content. These constituents can cause lung damage with pulmonary-arterial hypertension (12841,12842).
General ...Orally, no adverse effects have been reported. However, a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
General ...None reported; however, a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
