Ingredients | Amount Per Serving |
---|---|
(Trachyspermum ammi )
(seed)
(Organic raw material. Extraction rate: about 1/3-4 (up to 333 mg of dry raw material per 1 ml of extract).)
|
983 mg |
Alcohol, Water, Glycerin
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Ajwain. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the effectiveness of bishop's weed.
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Ajwain. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of bishop's weed.
PREGNANCY: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally.
Khellin, a constituent of bishop's weed, has uterine stimulant activity (19); avoid using.
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Ajwain. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Bergapten, a constituent of bishop's weed, has antiplatelet activity (7162). Theoretically, bishop's weed might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs and possibly increase the risk of bleeding.
Details
Some anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, ticlopidine (Ticlid), warfarin (Coumadin), and others.
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Bergapten, a constituent of bishop's weed, has been shown to inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) in vitro (7029). Theoretically, bishop's weed might inhibit elimination and increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Details
Some drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 include alprazolam (Xanax), amitriptyline (Elavil), amiodarone (Cordarone), buspirone (Buspar), cerivastatin (Baycol), citalopram (Celexa), felodipine (Plendil), fexofenadine (Allegra), itraconazole (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), lansoprazole (Prevacid), losartan (Cozaar), lovastatin (Mevacor), ondansetron (Zofran), prednisone (Deltasone, Orasone), sertraline (Zoloft), sibutramine (Meridia), sildenafil (Viagra), simvastatin (Zocor), verapamil (Calan, Covera-HS, Isoptin), and many others.
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Bishop's weed constituents seem to cause photosensitivity (2521,7162). Theoretically, concomitant use of bishop's weed with photosensitizing drugs might result in increased photosensitivity.
Details
Some drugs that cause photosensitivity include amitriptyline (Elavil), quinolones (Ciprofloxacin, others), sulfa drugs (Septra, Bactrim, others), and tetracycline.
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Ajwain. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General ...There is currently a limited amount of information available about the adverse effects of bishop's weed. Orally, bishop's weed has been reported to cause nausea, vomiting, and headache (7161). Topically, bishop's weed may be photoreactive and phototoxic (2520,2521,35679,35680). It can also cause contact dermatitis (2520,2521).
Dermatologic ...Topically, bishop's weed may be photoreactive and phototoxic due to its photoreactive furocoumarin constituents (35680). Bishop's weed has caused photosensitization, phototoxic skin damage, and phototoxic dermatitis (2520,2521,35679,35680).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, bishop's weed has been reported to cause nausea and vomiting (7161).
Immunologic ...Topically, bishop's weed can cause contact dermatitis (2521,2520). In one case report, a 31-year-old atopic female florist experienced IgE-mediated contact urticaria and rhinitis after exposure to bishop's weed (2520).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, bishop's weed has been reported to cause headache (7161).